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Endodontics
Root Canal Treatment
Root canal treatment is a fundamental treatment that ensures the preservation of the tooth in the mouth by cleaning the pulp tssiue that has irreversibly inflamed or died due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures, fracture or trauma. Prolonged sensivity to hot and cold, throbbing pain, pain increasing at night and a feeling of pressure during chewing may occur; in some cases, there may be no pain. Before treatment, the root and canal structure is evaluated with X-ray. Under local anesthesia, the pulp is cleaned, the canals are disinfected and filled hermetically with a biocompatible material. Modern rotary instruments and microscope systems increase precision; treatment is mostly completed in one or two sessions. Especially in posterior teeth, subsequent crown support may be required. With regular care and chech-ups, the natural tooth can be preserved for many years.
Endodontics
Root Canal System Treatment
Root canal treatment is the cleaning, shaping and hermetic filling of the root canal system where the diseased or dead pulp tissue is located. Canal anatomy directly affects the success of the treatment, especially in molars, as they can contian multiple, thin, curved or branched canals. During the procedur, canal lengths are determined with electronic apex locators; while shaping the canals with rotary nickel-titanium instruments, they are irrigated with disinfectant solutions. Then, the canals are filled three-dimensionally with gutta-percha and canal sealer. The use of a microscope or loupes helps clean complex canal systems. Post-treatment success is monitored with control X-rays. If the infection persists, re-treatment or surgical methods may be required. An endodontist’s evaluation may be necessary in excessively curved, calcified or previously failed treatment cases.
Endodontics
Root Canal Treatment with Lesion
Root canal treatment with a lesion is the treatment of lesion such as apical periodontitis, cysts or abscesses that develop when bacteria spread from the root apex to the surrounding bone tissue following the death of the pulp tissue. Severe pain, sensitivity, swelling, fever and fatigue may occur; a lesion can be observed around the root apex on X-rays. Befor treatment, the extent of the infection is evalauted and three-dimensional tomography is used if necessary. In acute infections, abscess drainage and when necessary, antibiotics can be administered. Infected tissues are cleaned with more comprehensive disinfection; in some cases, temporary medication is placed inside the canal treatment may take more than one session. The final filling is performed after the infection is brought under control. Healing can take from six months to two years and is monitored with regular X-rays; surgical curettage may be required for large cystic lesions.
Endodontics
Apical Resection
Apical resection is the surgical removal of the root apex and the surrounding diseased tissue in cases where infection or inflammatory lesions at the root apex do not regress despite root canal treatment or re-treatment. It can be preferred in cases where retreatment of the root canal is not possible due to intracanal obstructions, broken instrument fragments, excessively curved canals, calcification or crowns and bridges. Under local anesthesia, a small incision is made int he gum to reach the root apex and approximately 3 mm of the root apex is removed. The root end is sealed tightly with a biocompatible material. A dental microscope helps clean the diseased tissue and product healthy structures. The procedure usually takes 30-60 minutes. Swelling and sensitivity may occur for a few days afterwards; healing is completed within 6-12 months and monitored with X-rays. It ensures the preservation of the natural tooth as an alternative to tooth extraction.